Understanding Taraweeh: The Nightly Prayer of Ramadan
Ramadan, the holy month of fasting for Muslims worldwide, is a time of deep spiritual reflection, increased devotion, and enhanced prayer. One of the most cherished practices during this month is the Taraweeh prayer. For many, especially those new to Islam or seeking a deeper understanding, a common question arises: How many rakats are in Taraweeh? This article aims to provide a clear, detailed, and specific answer, delving into the nuances of this blessed prayer.
What is Taraweeh?
Taraweeh, which translates to "those who rest" or "the resting ones" in Arabic, is a voluntary night prayer performed after the obligatory Isha (night) prayer during the month of Ramadan. It's a time when Muslims gather in mosques or pray individually, reciting the Quran and seeking closeness to Allah. The essence of Taraweeh is to prolong worship and seek divine blessings during this sacred month.
The Core Question: How Many Rakats?
The number of rakats in Taraweeh is a topic that has been discussed and practiced differently by Muslims throughout history and across various regions. However, the most widely accepted and historically supported practice revolves around 20 rakats.
Here's a breakdown of why:
- The Practice of the Companions: Many scholars and Islamic texts indicate that the Prophet Muhammad's (peace be upon him) companions, after his passing, consistently prayed 20 rakats of Taraweeh. This practice was established and followed by the rightly guided caliphs, including Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), who is famously credited with gathering the people to pray Taraweeh in congregation behind one Imam, thus solidifying the 20-rakat practice.
- Scholarly Consensus: The majority of classical and contemporary Islamic scholars agree that 20 rakats is the Sunnah (practice and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad) or the preferred number for Taraweeh.
- Structure of the Prayer: Taraweeh is typically prayed in sets of two rakats, with each set concluding with a salam (a greeting of peace). Therefore, 20 rakats would translate to 10 sets of two rakats.
Each rakat involves a specific sequence of actions and recitations:
- Standing (Qiyam): Reciting the opening chapter of the Quran (Al-Fatiha) and a portion of another chapter.
- Bowing (Ruku): A bowing posture while glorifying Allah.
- Standing after Ruku (Qawma): Standing up from bowing.
- Prostration (Sujud): Two prostrations, during which one glorifies Allah.
- Sitting between Prostrations (Jalsa): A brief sitting posture.
- Second Prostration (Sujud): A second prostration.
- Standing for the next Rakat: Rising for the subsequent rakat.
Are There Other Opinions?
While 20 rakats is the predominant view, it's important to acknowledge that there are other scholarly opinions and practices, primarily based on interpretations of certain hadith (sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad). Some Muslims may pray 8 rakats of Taraweeh, often followed by a period of voluntary prayer known as Witr, which is typically prayed in three rakats.
Those who adhere to the 8-rakat practice often cite hadith that describe the Prophet Muhammad praying fewer rakats of night prayer during Ramadan. However, the interpretation of these hadith as exclusively referring to Taraweeh and setting a definitive limit is debated among scholars. The 20-rakat view is generally considered stronger due to the evidence of the companions' consistent practice and the actions of the rightly guided caliphs.
Key Takeaway: While variations exist, the most prevalent and historically supported number of rakats for Taraweeh is 20.
The Importance of Intention and Devotion
Regardless of the exact number of rakats observed, the most crucial aspect of Taraweeh is the sincerity of intention and the devotion with which it is performed. Allah accepts the worship based on the heart's intention. The primary goal is to draw closer to Allah, seek His forgiveness, and benefit from the spiritual atmosphere of Ramadan.
Many mosques offer Taraweeh prayers with recitations of the entire Quran over the month. This means that each night, a portion of the Quran is recited, and by the end of Ramadan, the whole book is completed. This practice is a significant part of the Taraweeh experience for many Muslims.
A FAQ Section for Your Questions
How is Taraweeh prayed?
Taraweeh is prayed in sets of two rakats each. After completing each two-rakat set, Muslims typically sit for a short period of rest before commencing the next set. This is where the name "Taraweeh" originates. The prayer involves standing, bowing, prostrating, and reciting verses from the Quran.
Why is Taraweeh prayed only in Ramadan?
Taraweeh is a special prayer associated with Ramadan because it is believed to be a period of immense divine mercy and opportunity for spiritual growth. While voluntary night prayers are encouraged year-round, Taraweeh is specifically designated for the month of fasting to amplify devotion and seek blessings during this sacred time.
Does the number of rakats for Taraweeh change?
The number of rakats for Taraweeh is generally considered to be 20 rakats, based on the practice of the Prophet Muhammad's companions. However, some Muslims follow an opinion of 8 rakats. The core intention and devotion are more important than the exact number, and adherence to one's chosen scholarly opinion is respected.
Is Taraweeh obligatory?
No, Taraweeh is a voluntary (Sunnah Mu'akkadah - emphasized Sunnah) prayer, not an obligatory (Fard) prayer. However, it is highly recommended and has immense spiritual rewards associated with it, making it a practice many Muslims strive to perform throughout Ramadan.
In conclusion, while the debate on the exact number of rakats for Taraweeh exists, the most widely accepted and practiced number is 20. The essence of this prayer lies in its spiritual significance, the opportunity for increased devotion, and the pursuit of Allah's pleasure during the blessed month of Ramadan.
